Abstract The fertility goddesses are the female deities to watch over and promote productivity, pregnancy and birth in many polytheistic cultures. Although it’s not easy to find exact usage of prehistoric objects, but using historical myths and folkloric tales, we can mention following functions for fertility statues: 1. Native goddess incarnation; that usually is an earth mother or water deity and in relation with love, fertility and productivity. 2. To apply in earth, human and animal fertility ceremonies; puberty rites, sterile women improvement and to ease parturition. 3. Mother symbol; for set in children tombs that a company them in after - death journey. This article tries to survey fertility goddesses in Mesopotamia and Middle East, Anatolia, Mediterranean, prehistoric Europe, Aegean Sea and Greece, Rome, Scandinavia, Ireland, Africa, Egypt, India, China, Japan, continent America and Northern regions.

Keywords: Religions, Myths, Fertility goddesses, Matriarchy, Seasons whirl.

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